Tuesday Training Byte: Navigating fear periods in puppy socialization

According to some veterinarians and animal behaviorists, puppies can inherit much of their temperament from parents, even more from the mother. Further, brain development and train-ability is affected by the pups early nutrition as well as the handling that the breeder provided very early in life. The new owner being aware and taking due care during fear stages can help the pup build trust. The first fear stage is the ninth week. Pups usually go home at 8 weeks, and reputable breeders will often not sell a pup until the tenth week to avoid the new setting causing fear imprinting in week 9. Sounds, sights, and settings that the pup showed no issue with previously can now make him fearful. During the 9th week I avoid taking the puppy places or exposing him to situations that could be overwhelming. We practice following behaviors and teaching the sit command in more places around the house and in the yard, but avoid introducing new noises like the vacuum cleaner. You can tell your pup is fearful if they startle, tremble or hide from people or noises, or cower. The second fear period is around 4 to 6 months. During this time, I limit the number of guests who come in close contact with my pup at any given time. I do not take the pup to any store or location that may have more people or uncontrolled dogs. During this period I may take the puppy to sit on my lap or by me to watch people and their pets at a distance. This is a great time to practice the "watch me" cue. Introduce new things at home or in a private training class like a wobble board or agility tunnel. The third fear stage may happen around 9 months (adolescence is kicking in!) up to a year. Your pup may be more suspicious or aroused at things that did not bother him before. Reintroduce these things slowly in a fun and positive way to avoid anxiety. The fourth fear period is around 15 to 18 months. He could have situational fear or dog-directed aggression. While out for a walk or a trip to the park, do not let any dogs get up in your dog's face or people rush him head on for pets. As you see the dog or person a ways off, have your dog look at them and then use the watch me cue, before turning and heading the opposite direction. Remain calm and very matter of factly create some distance before your dog becomes anxious. Practice a few commands that your pup knows well so you can provide treats and praise in the controlled presence of other people and dogs in public. Happy training!